Hurricane Dora is the first recorded tropical cyclone to land on First Coast of Florida. The sixth tropical storm and the second storm of the 1964 season, Dora evolved from a tropical wave near the Senegal coast on 28 August. After a reconnaissance plane flight on September 1, depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Dora. Then curve to the northeast and continue to strengthen. At the beginning of September 3, Dora became a category 1 hurricane. Six hours later, the storm reached an intensity Category 2. Intensification slowed somewhat, although Dora became Category 3 on Sept. 5. 5. Deeper, the storm peaked as Category 4 with a maximum sustained wind of 130 mph (215 mph/hr) early the next day. At 6:00 UTC on September 6th, Dora weakened into Category 3 hurricane, then Category 2 storm as it curved west early the following day.
Then on September 7th, Dora was reinforced into Category 3 hurricane. Approaching the eastern coast of Florida, Dora's moves became erratic, making several cyclical rounds. Around 04:00 UTC on September 10, the Typhoon made a landing near St Augustine, Florida, with a wind of 115 mph (185 km/h). Two hours later, Dora weakened into a Category 2 hurricane. However, the slump then slowed, with the storm falling to the intensity of a tropical storm over Jefferson County on September 11. Dora then intermittently drifted over southwestern Georgia, until the east-northeast turns dissolved the next day. In early September 14, a storm re-emerged into the Atlantic Ocean near Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, and was diverted into an extratropical storm several hours later. Dora's remains move quickly toward the northeast and scatter offshore Newfoundland early in the 16th of September.
Along the coast, the tides reach up to 10 feet (3 m) above the sea level on average. Strong winds struck North Florida, with continuous winds of 125 mph (205 km/h) observed in St. Petersburg. Augustine. In Jacksonville, about 156,000 subscribers were left without electricity, while about 19% of mobile phones in Duval County did not work. Much of the damage in the Jacksonville area occurs in old buildings and those located in coastal areas. In addition, some parts of the city experienced river flooding caused by winds around the St. Johns. Heavy rain damages many unprofitable crops and floods many roads and bridges, isolating several communities for several days. Throughout Florida, 74 dwellings were leveled and 9,374 were damaged, while 14 mobile homes were destroyed and 218 others suffered severe impacts. Around 50 farm buildings and 423 small businesses were heavily damaged or destroyed. Three deaths and at least $ 230 million damage occurred. In Georgia, the storm damaged about 1,135 homes and wiped out five others. In addition, 18 trailers suffered a major impact, while 43 small businesses were destroyed or severely damaged. There is one death in that state and at least $ 9 million in damages. Some other countries are affected by the storm, although the impact is much lower. One death occurred in Virginia. Overall, Dora caused $ 280 million in damages and five deaths.
Video Hurricane Dora
Meteorological history
Hurricane Dora was first identified as a wide area of ​​low pressure on August 28, 1964, while moving from the west coast of Africa to the Atlantic Ocean near Dakar, Senegal. Traveling to the southwest, the system swept the Cape Verde Islands the next day. On August 31, a picture of the eighth Television Infrared Observation Television (TIROS VIII) illustrates a thriving storm with thick, elongated clouds, ribbon features and cirrus outflow. Observations from ships around the storm indicate a decrease in barometric pressure and wind gusts up to 40 mph (65 km/h). On September 1, the reconnaissance aircraft flew into the system and determined that it had become a tropical storm, with continuous winds reaching 60 mph (95 km/h). Shortly thereafter, the first advisor was issued at Tropical Storm Dora and the center was estimated to be approximately 850 mi (1,370 km) east of Trinidad.
Once classified on September 1, Dora turns to the northwest and intensifies. Some surveillance missions into the storm indicate that it achieved storm status during the afternoon of September 2; However, in the official Atlantic storm database, it is not listed as reaching this intensity until the curfew. With increasing size and power, Dora reached a wind speed of 100 mph (155 km/h) at the beginning of September 3, equivalent to Category 2 on the modern Saffir-Simpson Storm Scale. At that time, meteorologists predicted a storm to defend the northwest route and piled above open waters by a trough connected with Hurricane Cleo to the west. However, Dora "misses" the trough and gradually turns westward on September 6th. On that day, the cyclone reached its peak intensity as a Category 4 hurricane with winds estimated at 130 mph (215 km/h) and a central pressure of 942 mbar (hPa; 27.82 inHg).
When executing a turn, Dora steadily weakens as her low flow is interrupted. On September 8, the storm reignited slightly and reached 115 mph (185 km/h). Tracking west toward Florida, Dora's forward movement declined and became erratic as it approached the shore. Beginning on September 9, the storm suddenly changed direction to the southeast before moving north for several hours. Throughout the rest of September 9, the cyclone executes three different cyclone rounds while maintaining a general movement to the west. During the afternoon hours, Dora passes the Gulf Stream, resulting in a central pressure dropping 9 mbar (hPa: 0.27 inHg) within hours.
At about 12:20 GMT EST on September 10, Hurricane Dora landed about 6 miles (9.7 km) north of St. Anthony. Augustine, Florida, with continuous winds between 115 and 125 mph (185 and 205 km/h). Though estimated to have become Category 3 on land, the highest winds in the mainland are believed to be in the Category 2 range. Attacking northeastern Florida, Dora became the first recorded tropical cyclone making landfall in the region. Once on land, the storm slowly weakens, loses its storm status about 24 hours later, and begins to gradually head northeast. During the morning of 12 September, Dora became almost silent on the southern border between Alabama and Georgia. However, the storm quickly accelerated and re-emerged into the Atlantic Ocean on September 14 near the Outer Banks of North Carolina. A few hours after moving on the water, the system is diverted into an extratropical cyclone. The last remnants of Dora are mentioned on Sept. 16 off the northeastern coast of Newfoundland.
Maps Hurricane Dora
Preparation
Caribbean
After Dora's classification on September 1, a small handicraft adviser was issued to the Leeward Islands and the northern Windward Islands.
United States
When Dora approached Florida, a gale warning was issued for the northeast part of the coastline. When Dora moved into the interior, a gale warning was issued from Sarasota to Pensacola. In addition, small boats for most of the Gulf Coast to the west coast of Florida, and then in the Mid-Atlantic are advised to stay at the harbor until the storm subsides.
Impact
Overall, Hurricane Dora is responsible for five deaths and $ 280 million in damages, much happening in Florida.
Bahamas and Florida
In the Bahamas, Dora brings in heavy rain and strong winds to Nassau. Along the coast of Florida, the tides reach up to 10 feet (3.0 m) above average sea level. The storm also produced storm surges and abnormally high tides on the Gulf Coast of Florida, mainly from Tampa Bay to St Marks, where tides between 2 and 6 feet (0.61 and 1.83 m) were observed. Residents are forced to vacate their homes. Strong winds struck northeastern Florida, with continuous winds of 125 mph (205 km/h) observed in St. Louis. Augustine. Many locations north of Daytona Beach receive sustained winds of at least 100 mph (160 km/h). Due to the slow movement of Dora, some places have the worst storms of 24 hours. Many areas in North Florida receive at least 10 in (250 mm) rainfall, damage many unprofitable crops and flood many roads and bridges, which alienate some communities for several days. Throughout Florida, 74 dwellings were leveled and 9,374 were damaged, while 14 mobile homes were destroyed and 218 others suffered severe impacts. Around 50 farm buildings and 423 small businesses were heavily damaged or destroyed.
First First Coast
Jacksonville is one of the most affected cities. Approximately 156,000 subscribers were left without electricity, while about 19% of mobile phones in Duval County did not work. The power supply for Jacksonville and surrounding towns were lost for six days. Much of the damage in the Jacksonville area occurs in old buildings and those located in coastal areas. In addition, some parts of the city experienced river flooding caused by winds around the St. Johns. Along the coast, Atlantic Beach and Jacksonville Beach were criticized by storm surges, which flooded lowland areas and swept away homes and streets. One of the roads in the latter is flooded with about 6Ã, ft (1.8 m) of water. Three houses were destroyed and 3,992 were damaged, while 5 mobile homes were destroyed and 25 affected, overall in Duval County.
The storm was also one factor that almost led to the cancellation of the Beatles concert at the Gator Bowl Stadium in Jacksonville on September 11; Other reasons include that the Beatles will not perform with separate audiences, the American Guild of Variety Artists forced the Fab Four to pay union dues, and that a group of filmmakers sought to make pirated footage from the concert. The problems were finally solved. Initially, The Beatles planned to fly to Jacksonville after their concert in Montreal on September 8, but the storm forced their plane to be diverted to Key West. A few hours before the concert began, The Beatles arrived at Imeson Field. Over 20,000 fans attended the concert, although thousands more were unable to attend due to power outages in the city. Since the wind still blows up to 45 mph (72 km/h), Ringo Starr drums are nailed to the stage.
At American Beach, once an African-American coastal community founded by Abraham Lincoln Lewis, many of his historic buildings have been damaged or destroyed. In addition, some homes and businesses are also affected or destroyed. Some houses drift in Fernandina Beach, while the foundations of some other dwellings are threatened. About 40 dwellings were damaged or destroyed. At Fort Clinch, located near the northern tip of Amelia Island, the outer part of the fort was severely affected by erosion. Across Nassau County, Dora destroyed about 50 homes and damaged 500 other homes, while 25 small businesses were destroyed or suffered a major impact.
In St. Johns County, 14 beach houses and 2 garage cars were destroyed by erosion between Vilano Beach and Ponte Vedra Beach south. A number of other dwellings were damaged. Waves flooded many areas of St. Augustine with a few inches to several feet of water. The heaviest impacts occur in the front of the bay, in Davis Shores, and along the San Sebastian River. At Slave Market Square, floods are "very deep", while flooding outside Monson Motor Lodge, where Martin Luther King, Jr. launched the movement of St. His Augustine, described as a "hubcap". The St Augustine Record Office is submerged, while some motels lobbying along the Matanzas River are flooded with 30 Â ° in (760 mm) of water. In addition, Castillo de San Marcos is surrounded by water. The wind is not polluted in some houses and giant old trees, oaks for centuries. Many cities are left without electricity. The damage in St. Augustine reached about $ 5 million. Pier and boardwalk at St. Augustine Beach was badly damaged, as well as part of State Road A1A, causing it to be closed to traffic. Approximately 1,027 homes and 19 homes were destroyed, while 20 businesses suffered heavy losses or were destroyed at St. Johns County only.
High waves are also reported Flagler County, especially in Flagler Beach. About half of the city dock was destroyed, with some of its debris strewn over State Road A1A. In addition to the ruins, laundering forces the roads temporarily closed. Impacts on private ownership are mainly limited to missing shingles, flooded puddles, and some fallen trees. The cabbage seedlings may have been completely destroyed. The damage in the area is small, reaching about $ 500,000. Tides about 8Ã, ft (2.4 m) along the St. Johns in Palatka threatened to wash away the eastern side of the memorial bridge. Extensive erosion occurs elsewhere in Putnam County along the river. A 75 foot (23 m) yacht is seated in a house on the edge of the county commissary. Then-State Road 309 was flooded around Georgetown. Some trees were felled and some classrooms had water leaks in St. Johns River Junior College in Palatka, but the overall damage is small. About 1,800 people were left without phone service in Palatka, Pomona Park, and Welaka.
North Central Florida and Florida Panhandle
To the west of the Jacksonville area, the storm brought heavy rain, with more than 10 in (250 mm) rainfall falling in the area of ​​10,000 sqmin (26,000 km 2 ). Rainfall from typhoons peaked at 23.73 at (603 mm) at Mayo, including 14.62 in (371 mm) that fell within a 24 hour period.
In Ocala, 11.7 in (300 mm) rain falls from September 1, about 11.46 in (291 mm) in relation to Dora. Several blocks were closed in town due to flooding. One lane along Route 441 was flooded in Orange Lake. Along Marion County, 15 to 20 county roads are submerged. In addition, Interstate 75 was flooded between Route 27 and County Road 318, resulting in the closure of the section of the highway. The storm caused minor damage to 18 homes and severely affected other 8 residences in Marion County.
Lebih jauh ke utara, di Gainesville, "sejumlah" tempat tinggal dan 25 rumah di Highland Court Manor dan Lincoln Estates diserang oleh air. Beberapa tempat tinggal of Northwest 10th Avenue juga banjir, sementara 25 tempat tinggal lainnya mengalami kerusakan air di High Springs setelah Sungai Santa Fe meluap. Taman Trailer di Archer Road dibanjiri sedalam pinggang. Di Clear Lake, beberapa rumah terancam oleh naiknya air. Sebuah tangki bahan bakar AS $ 25,000 (95,000 Ã, Â °, 21,000Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã , Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã , Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã , Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã, Ã ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,. , beberapa di antaranya jatuh di cable, jalan, dan rumah-rumah, Kerusakan di Gainesville sendiri melebihi $ 300,000 Secara kesel uruhan, 225 temat tinggal dan 36 rumah mobil di Alachua County terkena dampak, sementara 4 bisnis menerima kerusakan besar atau hancur.
At Live Oak, 18.62 in (473 mm) rainfall was observed for four days. Floods leave the city almost entirely isolated, with all highways leading to Live Oak closed. Part of the downtown business district is flooded with more than 10Ã, ft (3.0 m) water. Some of the houses were floating, while others were flooded with water above the second floor windows. In some environments, only the top of the chimney is visible. Many residents were stranded on the roofs of their homes and needed rescue by boat. One person died instantly as a result of a storm from drowning in Live Oak. Across Suwannee County, 100 houses suffered major damage, while 219 other residences suffered minor damage and 5 mobile homes suffered severe impacts. In addition, seven farm buildings were heavily damaged and 80 small businesses suffered significant damage or effects.
Many roads were flooded in Lafayette County, including Route 27 US and State Road 51, causing schools to be canceled for several days. Many Mayo towns are flooded. Thirteen houses were damaged in the area, while four mobile homes had a huge impact. In Madison County, 18 homes were slightly damaged.
In Taylor County, the town of Perry flooded, with water entering more than 100 homes. Further south, Steinhatchee is influenced by freshwater floods and storm surges. The high water left State Road 51 - the only highway to and from Steinhatchee - was closed for several days. Along Taylor County, the storm damaged 300 homes to some extent, 25 degrees severe. A total of 30 car homes suffered a major impact. In addition, 10 small businesses and 30 boats suffered major damage or were destroyed.
Central Florida to south
In New Smyrna Beach, two concrete decks on the beach are swept away. Over 200Ã, ft (61 m) of sand is lost at the Coast Guard station. Strong winds uprooted the power grid and trees, which hit six homes. Sixty-three houses in Daytona Beach were damaged and over 1,000 square feet (93 m 2 ) from the roof at Daytona Beach International Airport disappeared. One house burned in Glenwood, a community between DeLeon Springs and DeLand, after the owner forgot to extinguish the kerosene lantern before falling asleep. In DeLand, winds uprooted many trees and caused power outages and phone services. Wind and rainfall ranging from 6 to 7 in (150 to 180 mm) causes some loss of oranges and grapefruits. In western Volusia, one place was destroyed and twenty-nine suffered a major impact, while one hundred and twenty-seven houses suffered minor damage. In addition, 15 trailers were significantly affected.
In the Seminole Region, wind damage is mainly limited to falling power lines, power lines and trees, some falling in blocked houses and roads, especially in Altamonte Springs, Geneva, and Sanford. Two deaths occurred on Sept. 9 when a helicopter evacuated from a storm crashed near Sanford, killing two Navy personnel. Further south, storm surges and above normal waves cause the loss of about 10 to 12 feet (3.0 to 3.7 m) of sand at Fort Pierce. The wind in the area caused some power cuts and rolled steel, a concrete sign in the courthouse.
Elsewhere in North America
Several locations in Georgia also experience hurricanes and heavy rains from the storm, especially in the southeastern part of the state. Winds estimated at 90 mph (140 km/h) were experienced on the coastal islands, while strong winds were observed as far north as Savannah and as far west as Waycross. Hundreds of trees were overthrown, which uprooted trees and power grids, with some areas suffering from near-complete power losses. The storm also brought heavy rain, with some areas observing more than 10 in (250 mm) of rain, while most of the southern half of Georgia experienced more than 3 in (76 mm) rainfall. Storm surges and high waves result in coastal erosion and flooding. On Jekyll Island, two motels lost some of their roofs and a windmill was destroyed. Extensive erosion also occurred on the island. Damage on Jekyll Island is conservatively estimated at $ 1 million. At least five houses were washed away on St. Island. Simons, while the parts of the dock and the sea wall are destroyed. The highway connecting Pulau Laut and St. Island Simons to Brunswick was flooded.
Many roads in Brunswick are covered with 1 to 3 feet (0.30 to 0.9 m) of water, making them immobilized. In one part of the city, about 100 houses were shaken, while 25 other houses on the other side were badly damaged. It is estimated that 35% -40% of the dwellings are damaged to some extent in Brunswick. Many trees, and power lines die, restrict communication between the islands and the mainland to the radio network. Part Route 17 south of Brunswick washed. A man drowned in the Little Satilla River near Brunswick while trying to secure his boat. Glynn County suffered a loss of more than $ 3.6 million. Soil erosion caused by heavy rain in Waycross caused extensive damage to buildings and streets. Across Georgia, the storm structurally impacted about 1,135 homes and wiped out five others. In addition, 18 trailers suffered a major impact, while 43 small businesses were destroyed or severely damaged. Although many pastures are inundated, their impact on agriculture is very small. Overall, the storm left at least $ 9 million in damage in Georgia.
Some other countries are affected by the storm, although the impact is much lower. One death occurred in Virginia.
In Newfoundland, more than 100 ships sought shelter in the port of St. Louis. John. The central part of the province experienced heavy rain and winds of up to 59 mph (95 km/h).
Aftermath
After the storm, President Lyndon Johnson visited the devastated area with Florida Governor Farris Bryant, US senators Spessard Holland and George Smathers, the mayor of Jacksonville and a Democratic nominee for governor Haydon Burns. President Johnson also personally assessed damages on the Georgian coast, including in Brunswick and St.. Simons Island. In the flooded areas, the Red Cross sends typhoid serums by helicopter.
The name "Dora" has replaced "Donna" in the cyclone list, and it retired from the Atlantic hurricane list and replaced with "Dolly" for the 1968 season.
See also
- 1898 Georgia storm
- List of Atlantic hurricanes
- List of names of retired Atlantic hurricanes
- List of Florida hurricanes (1950-1974)
References
External links
- NHC Initial Report 1964 on Dora
- Historical Florida Hurricanes (State Archive of Florida)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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