A raised floor (also raised flooring , access floor (ing), or enhanced access computer floor ) provides an elevated structural floor above the substrate solid (often a concrete slab) to create a hidden void for mechanical and electrical service travel. The raised floors are widely used in modern office buildings, and in special areas such as command centers, IT data centers and computer rooms, where there is a requirement for mechanical and cable service routes, cables, and power supplies. These floors can be installed at varying heights of 2 inches (51 mm) to altitudes above 4 feet (1,200 mm) to adjust services that can be accommodated underneath. Additional structural and lighting support is often given when the floor is raised enough for someone to crawl or even walk underneath.
In the US, sub-floor air distribution is becoming a more common way to cool buildings by using an empty space under elevated floors as a courtroom to distribute air-conditioned air, which has been done in Europe since the 1970s. In the data center, isolated AC zones are often associated with raised floors. Hollow tiles are traditionally placed under computer systems to direct air-conditioned air directly to them. In turn, computing equipment is often designed to draw cool air from below and throw it into the room. An air-conditioning unit then pulls air out of the room, cools it, and forces it under an elevated floor, completing the cycle.
Video Raised floor
Design
This type of floor consists of a layered metal frame or a height adjustable support substructure (called a "pole") that provides support for removable (removable) floor panels, which are usually 2ÃÆ'-2 feet or 60ÃÆ'â € "60Ã, cm. The height of the foot/pedestal is determined by the volume of the cable and other services provided below it, but is usually set to a distance of at least six inches or 15 cm with a typical height between 24 inches to 48 inches.
Panels are usually made of steel-shaped particleboard or steel panels with internal cement core, although some tiles have hollow core. Panels can be covered with a variety of applicable floor coatings, such as carpet tiles, high pressure laminates, marble, stone, and antistatic coatings for use in computer rooms and laboratories. When using a panel with a top surface cement panel is sometimes left empty and sealed or stained and sealed to create a tiled look and save the customer's money. This nude app is most commonly used in office areas, aisles, lobbies, museums, casinos, etc.
Many modern computer rooms and appliances use underwater air distribution to ensure cooling of the room with less energy wasted. Condensed air is provided below the floor and is scattered up into the room through a diffuser tile, blower or channel that is routed regularly onto a particular apparatus. Automatic fire protection separation may be required for sub-floor ventilation, and additional suppression systems may be installed in case of under-floor fires.
Many office buildings now use the access floor to create more flexible and sustainable space. When the air under the floor is designed to be the building from the beginning of the project, the building can be cheaper to build and cheaper to operate during the life of the building. Under-floor air requires less space per floor, thus reducing the overall height of the building, which in turn reduces the cost of building facades. Blowers and air handlers needed for air under the floor are much smaller and require less energy, because hot air rises naturally through space when it comes in contact with people and equipment that warms the air and rises to the ceiling. Additionally, when buildings are designed to combine modular electricity, modular walls, and floor access, the space inside the building can be reconfigured within hours, compared to the historical way of destroying walls and drilling holes on the floor for electrical and other routes. services. As more and more companies build or renovate buildings to meet LEED (Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design), under floor flooring and access will continue to grow. USGBC (United States Green Building Council) states that 40-48% of new nonresidential construction is green.
Because floor tiles are rarely removed once the equipment has been installed, the space beneath them is rarely cleaned, and other feathers and dirt settle, making wiring under the floor a dirty job. Elevated smoke under floor detectors can be triggered by workers who interfere with dust, resulting in false alarms.
Maps Raised floor
Lifting panel
To remove a panel, a tool with a suction cup at the end (referred to as "floor puller", "tile lift", or "suction suction") is used. Hook-and-loop hooks can be used on carpeted panels.
Structural issues
Structural problems, such as panels and gaps between panels, can cause significant damage to equipment and personnel injuries. Regular inspection of the structural integrity of elevated floor systems can help to identify and mitigate problems.
Floor equipment and damage can occur when using floors that do not meet the demands of the load. The load rating ranges from 1,000 pounds to 25,000 pounds. The higher panel can be used on heavier areas of the floor where the lower panel can be used in lighter areas.
Many such problems can be attributed to sub-par installation. During installation, attention should be paid to the subfloor conditions, which must be clean of debris and should be as high as possible. The walls surrounding the elevated floor should be as small as possible to minimize the need to cut the elevated floor panels and to minimize shake and crevice panels.
Implication of cooling load
Installation of elevated floor systems can change the thermal behavior of buildings by reducing the interaction between heat gain and thermal massive concrete slabs. The raised floor serves as a separation between the room and the slab. Energy simulations of office buildings located in San Francisco show that only the presence of elevated floors affects the zone's cooling load profile and tends to increase peak cooling loads. When the carpet is present the negative impact of the elevated floor on the peak cooling load zone can be reduced.
Telecommunication data center application
The raised floors available for general purpose use usually do not address the specific requirements required for telecommunication applications.
Common types of elevated floors in telecommunications data centers include: stringerless, streredless, and structural platforms; and, truss assemblies.
- Stringerless raised floors - a pile arrangement that provides the required height for the routing cable and also serves to support every corner of the floor panel.
- Stacked-up flooring - the vertical arrangement of the steel support frame (base plate of steel, upright and head) is uniformly placed on 2-foot center and secured mechanically to concrete floor.
- Structural Platform - members built from steel angles or ducts welded or bolted together to form an integrated platform for support equipment.
- Truss assembly - utilizes the attachment point to the subfloor to support the truss network where the floor panels are resting. Truss has a high lateral force and transfers lateral loads to subfloor with less strain than is possible with vertical pedestal installation.
A telecommunication facility may contain a continuous line of equipment cabinets. The most densely populated installation configuration will consist of a wide 2 foot walkthrough of wardrobe cabinets with alleys separating the adjacent 2-foot-wide-line rows. This lineup configuration is considered to be the most populous in terms of square foot area, and therefore, the largest anticipated floor load for elevated floor systems. Considering the prorated hallway space, a single appliance cabinet will then occupy a floor area of ​​8 square feet (0.74 m2) (4 square feet for cabinet and 4 square feet hallway).
Data centers can be located in remote locations, and are subject to physical and electrical pressures from sources such as fire and from power failures.
The environment encourages mounting methods for elevated floors, including site preparation, cables and cables, bonding and grounding, and fire resistance. The actual installation should be in accordance with the customer's practice.
See also
- Room air distribution
- Suspended ceiling
- Air distribution under the floor
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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