South Pacific (reporting mark SP ) (or Espee of the railway-SP initials) is an American Class I rail network that dates back to 1865 to 1998 operating in the Western United States. The system is operated by various companies, the names representing the South Pacific system are Southern Pacific Railroad , South Pacific Company and South Pacific Transportation Company .
The original South Pacific began in 1865 as a holding company. The last incarnation of the South Pacific, South Pacific Transportation Company, was established in 1969 and took over the South Pacific system. The South Pacific Transportation Company was taken over by Union Pacific Corporation and joined their Union Pacific Railroad. The South Pacific Transportation Company is a surviving railroad for absorbing Union Pacific Railroad and changing its name to "Union Pacific Railroad", South Pacific Transportation Company is now the incarnation of the current Pacific Railroad Association.
The South Pacific heritage sets up important hospitals in San Francisco, Tucson, Arizona, and elsewhere. In the 1970s, he also established a telecommunication network with cutting-edge microwave and fiber optic backbone. This telecommunications network is part of Sprint, a company whose name comes from an acronym for Southern Pacific Railroad Internal Networking Telephony.
Video Southern Pacific Transportation Company
Histori
The original South Pacific, Southern Pacific Railroad , was established as a holding company in 1865, then acquired Central Pacific Railroad through leasing. In 1900, the South Pacific system was a major rail system that incorporated many small companies, such as Texas and New Orleans Railroad as well as Morgan's Louisiana and Texas Railroad. It's extended from New Orleans via Texas to El Paso, Texas, in New Mexico and through Tucson, to Los Angeles, through most of California, including San Francisco and Sacramento. The Central Pacific Routes stretch east across Nevada to Ogden, Utah, and reach north through Oregon to Portland. Other subsidiaries eventually include St. Louis Southwestern Railway (Cotton Belt), Northwestern Pacific Railroad at 328 miles (528 km), 1,331 miles (2,142 km) of Southern Pacific Railroad of Mexico, and various 3 ft (< span> 914Ã, mm ) narrow gauge route. SP is a defendant in the case of the United States Supreme Court of 1886 Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad which is often interpreted as having established certain corporate rights under the United States Constitution. The South Pacific Railroad was replaced by the South Pacific Company and assumed rail operations from the Southern Pacific Railroad. In 1929, the South Pacific/Texas and New Orleans operated 13,848 miles-miles excluding the Cotton Belt, which purchased the Golden State Route around 1980 nearly doubled its size to 3,085 miles (4,965 km), bringing the total SP/SSW about 13,508 miles (21,739 km).
In 1969, South Pacific Transportation Company was established and took over the South Pacific Company; This South Pacific train is the last incarnation and is sometimes called "South Pacific Industry", although "South Pacific Industry" is not the company's official name. In the 1980s, the mileage route had dropped to 10,423 miles (16,774 km), primarily due to branch line pruning. In 1988, the South Pacific Transportation Company (including its subsidiary, St. Louis Southwestern Railway) was taken over by Rio Grande Industries, a holding company controlling Denver and the Rio Grande Western Railroad. Rio Grande Industries does not incorporate South Pacific Transportation Companies and Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad together, but transfers direct ownership of the Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad to the South Pacific Transportation Company, enabling the Rio Grande Industries joint rail system to use the South Pacific name due to its brand recognition in the railway industry and with customers from the South Pacific Transportation Company and Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad. For a long time, a subsidiary of Southern Pacific, St. Louis Southwestern Railway is also marketed under the name of the South Pacific. Along with the addition of the SPCSL Corporation route from Chicago to St. Louis, total system length D & amp; RGW/SP/SSW is 15,959 miles (25,684 km). Rio Grande Industries was later renamed Southern Pacific Rail Corporation.
In 1996, the financial problems of many years have reduced the South Pacific mileage to 13,715 miles (22,072 km). Financial problems caused the South Pacific Transportation Company to be taken over by Union Pacific Corporation; mains of Southern Pacific Rail Corporation (formerly Rio Grande Industries), Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad, St. Louis Southwestern Railway and SPCSL Corporation were also taken over by Union Pacific Corporation. Union Pacific Corporation combines Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad, St. Louis Southwestern Railway and SPCSL Corporation into Union Pacific Railroad, but does not incorporate South Pacific Transportation Company into the Union Pacific Railroad. Instead, Union Pacific Corporation merged the Union Pacific Railroad to the South Pacific Transportation Company in 1998; South Pacific Transportation Company became a surviving railroad and at the same time, Union Pacific Corporation changed the name of South Pacific Transportation Company to Union Pacific Railroad. South Pacific Transportation Company becomes the current incarnation of Union Pacific Railroad; the former South Pacific Transportation Company still operates as an incarnation of the current Union Pacific Railroad. The Southern Pacific Rail Corporation remains a subsidiary of Union Pacific Corporation until 2015 when it is merged into the former South Pacific Transport Company, the current Union Pacific Railroad.
Maps Southern Pacific Transportation Company
Locomotive paint and appearance
Like most trains, SP painted most of its steam locomotive black during the 20th century, but after 1945 SP painted the front of smokebox silver locomotives (almost white in appearance), with a colored side of graphite, for visibility.
Since the locomotive is being repaired, several types of locomotive locomotive 4-6-2 show signs of having been painted dark green. The soft cover book "Steam Glory 2" by Kalmbach Publications (2007) has an article "Southern Pacific's Painted Ladies" which shows color photographs from the 1940s and 1950s revealing that a number of SP 0-6-0 yard machines, usually assigned for passenger terminals painted with various combinations with red cabin roofs and cabin doors, pale silver smokebox and smokebox fronts, dark green boiler, multi color SP heralds in black cabin, green cylinder cover and other detail shown in color. Some of the other SP steam passenger locomotives may have been painted, or at least have a dark green boiler. The article shows that this paint job lasts for years and not a special paint for one event.
Some passenger steam locomotives use the Daylight scheme, named after the train they carry, most of which have the word Daylight in the train name. This scheme, which is performed on tender, is bright red at the top and bottom, with the third center being bright orange. The parts are separated with narrow silver-gray ribbons. Several colors continued along the locomotive. The most famous "Siang Siang" locomotive is GS-4 steam locomotive. The most famous Daylight-hauled trains are Coast Daylight and Sunset Limited.
The famous one is the unique "cab-forward" steam locomotive in the South Pacific. This is a 2-8-8-4 locomotive that is set to run in reverse, with a tender attached to the smoky end of the locomotive. The South Pacific has a number of snow sheds in the mountains, and the locomotive crew almost suffocate from smoke inside the cabin. After a number of engineers started their engines in reverse (pushing the tender), the South Pacific asked Baldwin Locomotive Works to produce a cabin-forward design. No other North American trains ordered locomotive locomotives forward.
Early diesel locomotives are also painted black. Yard switcher has orange lines diagonally on the tip for visibility, get this scheme nicknames Tiger Stripe . The road carrier unit is black with red ribbon on the underside of the car body and the nose is silver and the orange "winged". "SOUTH PACIFIC" is in a large serif letter in Gray (very light gray). Railfans calls this paint scheme Black Widow . The experimental scheme, all black with a variety of orange and side-end treatments called the Halloween scheme. More than 200 locomotives were painted between March 1957 and mid 1958.
Most of the passenger units were originally painted in the Daylight scheme as described above, though some of the red painted above, silver below for Golden State (operated with Chicago, Rock Island). and Pacific Railroad) between Chicago and Los Angeles. Silver cars with narrow red ribbon at the top are used for Sunset Limited and other trains to Texas. In 1958, SP standardized the dark gray paint scheme ("Lark Dark Gray") with "winged" red nose; railfans dubbed this scheme Nausea . The letter is again in Lettering Gray.
Anticipating the failed incorporation of the South Pacific Santa Fe in the mid-1980s, the "Kodachrome" paint scheme (named for the color of the Kodak box that the film enters) was applied to many South Pacific locomotives. When the merger of the South Pacific Santa Fe was rejected by the Interstate Trade Commission, Kodachrome units were not immediately repainted, some even enduring to the South Pacific end as independent companies. The Interstate Trade Commission's decision to leave the South Pacific is sluggish, locomotives are not repainted immediately, although some are repainted under the Bloody Nose scheme because they are overhauled after months of years of delayed maintenance.
After 1988 the purchase of the South Pacific Transportation Company by the holding company of Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad, Rio Grande Industries whose owner is Philip Anschutz, the letters on the painted locomotive were changed from SP serif fonts to the Rio Grande "speed lettering" style. Rio Grande does not retain its identity, because Anschutz feels the South Pacific name is more recognizable. A variation of the Daylight scheme, also known as Popsicles, designed by Chester Mack, is applied to the SP 4 TE-70, U25B reproduced with Sulzer diesel engines. Some of the previous SP locomotives largely retained their original Bloody Nose wildlife, altered with yellow patches and new numbers, after a takeover by Union Pacific.
South Pacific Road switcher offsets often have elaborate front and rear lighting clusters, with large red Mars Light for emergency signaling, and often two pairs of sealed headlamps, one above the cabin and the other under Mars Light on the nose. Beginning in the 1970s, SP has air conditioning cabins in all new locomotives and visible units on the roof of the cabin. The South Pacific puts huge snow on top of their road divers pilot for heavy snowfall at the Donner Pass. Many South Pacific road diversions have Nathan-AirChime P3 or P5 air horn models with different chords with South Pacific locomotives in the western state.
South Pacific and Cotton Belt is the only buyer of locomotive EMD SD45T-2 "Tunnel Motor". This locomotive is necessary because the standard configuration of EMD SD45 can not get sufficient amount of cool air to the diesel locomotive radiator while working the South Pacific through snow barns and tunnels in the Cascades and Donner Pass. This "Tunnel Motors" is an EMD SD45-2 with an airborne intake intake at street level car of a car locomotive, rather than a typical EMD arrangement with a fan on the roof of a long hood of locomotive drawing air through the radiator at the top/side of the locomotive body. In the tunnel and snow, the heat dissipation from the lead unit will accumulate near the top of the tunnel or snow barn and drawn to the radiator from an EMD (non-tunnel motor) locomotive, causing these locomotives to close when their main diesel mover is overheated.. The South Pacific also operates the EMD SD40T-2, as do Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad.
South Pacific is known for its L-shaped windscreen engineers. Introduced by EMD on the SD45 4353 protester, this design improves visibility by removing pillars that in conventional designs divide the engine windshield into two panels. The South Pacific chose this option on a new EMD locomotive order that began in 1967 until the early 1980s, one of several railroads to do so (Illinois Central is another buyer of this option), and ordered the same windshield design from General Electric. After the "wide nose" design became popular, most South Pacific locomotives kept their L-shaped front windshield before being rebuilt or sold to different private railways after the merger.
Unlike other trains whose locomotives have locomotive numbers, the SPs use them for train numbers until 1967. (The San Francisco-San Jose commuter train in SP continues to display train numbers for passenger comfort.) Other trains that use locomotive number boards for train numbers to the 1960s was a cross-continental partner of SP, Union Pacific.
On either side of the boiler near the smoke pile or further back, the indicator is displayed. This is the train number (figure 1). All trains to San Francisco are called 'west' and odd numbers such as 1, 3, and so on. The train goes from SF called 'east' and even numbered. The example in Figure 1 shows 99 as the number of trains which is an efficient number of Daylight , to the north.
To bring everyone who wants to ride on the same train, it is sometimes necessary to operate the train in two or more separate sections, called 'parts.' When the train is operated in several parts, the first part carries '1' before the train number (figure 2). The second part carries '2', etc., and the last part carries only the train number. Special trains or 'extras' carry the locomotive numbers preceded by 'X' (figure 3).
In 2006, Union Pacific Railroad launched UP 1996, the sixth and final of the SD70ACe EMD Pusaka Series locomotive. The paint scheme seems to be based on the Daylight and Black Widow schemes. Currently there are still locomotives in SP paint, including ten AC4400CW with original SP number as of January 2013.
Passenger train service
Until May 1, 1971 (when Amtrak took over long-distance passenger operations in the United States), the South Pacific at various times operates the following passenger trains. Trains with names in bold text print still operate under Amtrak:
- 49er
- Apache (operated in conjunction with Rock Island Railroad 1926-1938)
- Argonaut
- Arizona Limited (operated in conjunction with Rock Island Railroad)
- Beavers
- California
- Cascade (operates today as part of the Starlight Coast )
- San Francisco City (operated in conjunction with the Chicago and North Western Railroads and Union Pacific Railroad; SP parts operate today as part of Amtrak California Zephyr )
- Daylight Beach (operating today as part of the Coast Starlight train)
- Coastal Letter
- Coaster
- Del Monte
- Quick Mail (Overland Mail)
- Golden Rocket (proposed, has been operated in conjunction with Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad)
- Golden State (operated in conjunction with Chicago, Rock Island, and Pacific Railroad)
- Grand Canyon
- Hustler
- Imperial (operated in conjunction with Rock Island Railroad 1946-1967)
- Klamath
- Lark
- Oregonian
- Overland
- Owls
- Pacific Limited
- Peninsula Commute (operated until 1985, now Caltrain)
- Rogue River
- Sacramento sunshine
- San Francisco Challenger (operated in conjunction with Chicago and North Western Railroads and Union Pacific Railroad)
- San Joaquin Daylight
- Senator
- Shasta Daylight
- Shasta Express
- Shasta Limited
- Shasta Limited De Luxe
- Starlight
- Sunbeam
- Sunset Limited
- Suntan Only
- Tehachapi
- West Coast
- El CosteÃÆ'Â ± o (operated from 1927 to 1949 as an international train under a subsidiary of Southern Pacific Railroad of Mexico between Tucson, Arizona and Guadalajara in Mexico featuring through sleeping from Los Angeles, California to Mexico City in Mexico)
- El Yaqui (operated from 1927 to 1951 as an international train under a subsidiary of Southern Pacific Railroad of Mexico between Tucson, Arizona and Guadalajara in Mexico)
Locomotive Used for Passenger Service
Lokomotif Uap
- 2-8-0 Konsolidasi
- 2-8-2 Mikado
- 4-4-2 Atlantik
- 4-6-2 Pasifik - lihat SP 2472
- Gunung 4-8-2 - lihat SP Mt-5
- 4-8-4 Golden State/General Service - lihat SP 4449
- 4-8-8-2 Cab Forward Articulated Mallet
There are many South Pacific locomotives still in revenue with rail services such as the Union Pacific Railroad, and many older and specialized locomotives have been donated to parks and museums, or continue to operate with beautiful trains or excursions. Most of the machines currently used with Union Pacific have been "patched", in which the SP logo on the front is replaced by a Union Pacific shield, and the new number is applied over the old number with the Union Pacific sticker, but some machines remain in the South Pacific "bleeding nose " paint. Among the more important tools are:
- The South Pacific 3100, SP 3100 (former SP6800 Bicentennial) U25B is owned and operated by the Orange Empire Railway Museum, Perris, CA
- 4294 (AC-12, 4-8-8-2), located at California State Railroad Museum, Sacramento, California
- 4449 (GS-4, 4-8-4), previously located in the Brooklyn Roundhouse before being transferred to the Oregon Railway Heritage Center in June 2012, Portland, Oregon
- 2479 (P-10, 4-6-2), owned and restored by California Trolley and Railroad Corporation, San Jose, California
- 2472 (P-8, 4-6-2), owned and operated by the Golden Gate Railroad Museum, Redwood City, California
- 2467 (P-8, 4-6-2), borrowed by the Pacific Locomotive Association, Fremont, California to the California State Railroad Museum
- 3420 (C-19, 2-8-0), owned by El Paso Historic Board, stored in Phelps Dodge copper refinery, El Paso, Texas
- 745 (Mk-5, 2-8-2), owned by Louisiana Rail Heritage Trust, operated by Louisiana Steam Train Association, and based in Jefferon (near New Orleans), Louisiana
- 4460 (GS-6, 4-8-4), located in the Transport Museum, Kirkwood, Missouri
- 1518 (EMD SD7), formerly the first EMD 990 and SD7 first built demonstrator, is located at the Illinois Railway Museum, Union, Illinois.
- 4450 (EMD SD9), located at Western Pacific Railroad Museum, Portola, California - a former commuter train engine that was canceled in 2013
- 794 (Mk-5, 2-8-2), Mikado was last built for the Texas Railroad and New Orleans in 1916 from parts in their stores in Houston. Currently living with cosmetic restoration at San Antonio Station, San Antonio, Texas, but plans to return it to operating conditions.
Untuk daftar lengkap, lihat: to the south Pacific Railroad yang diawetkan.
petugas perusahaan
Presidency from Pasifik Selatan
- Timotius Guy Phelps (1865-1868)
- Charles Crocker (1868-1885)
- Leland Stanford (1885-1890)
- Collis P. Huntington (1890-1900)
- Charles Melville Hays (1900-1901)
- E. H. Harriman (1901-1909)
- Robert S. Lovett (1909-1911)
- William Sproule (1911-1918)
- Julius Kruttschnitt (1918-1920)
- William Sproule (1920-1928)
- Paul Shoup (1929-1932)
- Angus Daniel McDonald (1932-1941)
- Armand Mercier (1941-1951)
- Donald J. Russell (1952-1964)
- Benjamin F. Biaggini (1964-1976)
- Denman McNear (1976-1979)
- Alan Furth (1979-1982)
- Robert Krebs (1982-1988)
- D. M. "Mike" Mohan (1988-1993)
- Edward L. Moyers (1993-1995)
- Jerry R. Davis (1995-1996)
This is a masing-masing message from the first person, Pasifik Selatan
- Leland Stanford (1890-1893)
- (kosong 1893-1909)
- Robert S. Lovett (1909-1913)
- Julius Kruttschnitt (1913-1925)
- Henry deForest (1925-1928)
- Hale Holden (1928-1932)
Setting an order from the Directional Order of the Settlement Center
- Henry deForest (1929-1932)
- Hale Holden (1932-1939)
- (posisi tidak ada 1939-1964)
- Donald J. Russell (1964-1972)
- Benjamin F. Biaggini (1976-1982)
- Denman K. McNear (1982-1988)
- Edward L. Moyers (1993-1995) Ketua/C.E.O.
Karyawan Terkenal
- Carl Ingold Jacobson, Los Angeles, California, Anggota Dewan Kota, 1925-33
- W. Burch Lee, the New Orleans of the New York City Council, John Martin Lee, Jr., Louisiana House of Representatives.
- Charles Wright, researcher of the Surveyor, has been asked to do so
Lihat juga
- Transportation to California from
- El Paso and Barad Daya Railroad
- Long Wharf (Santa Monica)
- Pacific Fruit Express
- Penggabungan Santa Fe-Southern Pacific
- Depot Pasifik Selatan
- St. Louis Southwestern Railway
- Texas dan New Orleans Railroad
Referensi
- Umum
Tautan eksternal
- Sphts.org: Sejarah Pasifik Selatan & amp; Masyarakat Teknik
- Harvard Business School, Lehman Brothers Collection: "Sejarah Perusahaan Transportasi Pasifik Selatan"
- Webmaster Web Site Reporting by Peter J. McClosky
- Coscis-espee.info: Situs Pasifik Selatan David Coscia
- Espee.railfan.net: Kereta Pemandu Pasifik Selatan Terdiri
- Union Pacific Railroad.com: Sejarah Union Pacific
- "Di seberang Great Salt Lake, The Lucin Cutoff" - 1937 artikel .
- Rel Kereta Api Los Angeles River
- Reload this file: Sejarah Santa Ana and Newport Railroad.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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