In environmental engineering, flood mitigation involves the management and control of flood water movements, such as directing run-off floods through the use of flood gates and flood gates, rather than trying to prevent flooding altogether. It also involves people management, through measures such as evacuation and dry/wet inspection properties. Flood prevention and mitigation can be studied at three levels: on individual property, small communities, and entire cities or cities. The cost of protection increases as more people and property are protected. FEMA, for example, estimates that for every $ 1.00 spent on mitigation, $ 4.00 is saved.
Video Flood mitigation
Protection of individual properties
Property owners may fit their homes to stop the water coming in by blocking doors and air vents, waterproofing important areas and sandbagging the edges of buildings.
Maps Flood mitigation
Community protection
As more homes, stores, and infrastructure are threatened by the impact of floods, then greater protection benefits are proportional to the additional costs. Temporary flood defenses can be built relatively quickly at certain locations and provide protection from rising flood waters. Rivers that flow through the construction of big cities are often controlled and distributed. Water that rises above the full capacity of the canal can cause flooding to spread to other waterways and areas of society, causing damage. Defenses (both long-term and short-term) can be built to minimize damage, which involves raising the edge of the water with a dike, embankment or wall. High population and value of infrastructure are at risk of often justifying the high cost of mitigation in larger urban areas.
Flood risk management
The most effective way to reduce risks to people and property is through the creation of flood risk maps. Most countries have produced maps showing flood-prone areas based on flood data. In the UK, the Environment Agency has produced maps showing areas of risk. The map on the right shows flood charts for York City, including floodplains for floods 1 in 100 years (dark blue), predicted floodplains for 1,000 year old floods (light blue) and lowland areas requiring flood defense (purple). The most sustainable way to reduce risk is to prevent further development in areas prone to flooding and old waterways. It is important for risky communities to develop a comprehensive Floodplain Management plan. Communities participating in the National Flood Insurance Program must agree to regulate development in flood-prone areas.
See also
- Flood control
- Save
References
External links
- Integrated Flood Management
- Waterportal Flood Mitigation Alberta Method
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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